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Passes, time and diesel per field plot

Enter the field, the working width, and the speed to find out how many passes to make, how long it takes, and how much diesel it uses.

Pre-sizing and estimating tool: the results do not replace a design, calculation, or report signed by a qualified professional, nor verification against the applicable standards.

Preliminary sizingRevision 12/11/2026
Plot
Machine

The work line is the length of the plot in the direction of planting or application. The consumption considered is the working consumption, not the transport consumption.

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—Time and diesel for the plot
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Working hours by speed

Total time for the plot at each speed, with the width and turns you entered; the dot marks your speed.

Tap the chart to see the values.

Working hours by working width

Total time for the same plot at different widths; the highlighted bar is yours.

Tap the chart to see the values.

What if the data changes?

Drag the controls to simulate data different from what you entered (from 30% less to 30% more) and watch the result change instantly.

Tap the chart to see the values.

Working hours by speed and width

Hours for the field across combinations of speed and working width, with the row length and turn entered.

Step by step with your numbers

The calculation done in steps, with the values you entered.

    The calculation memo gathers this page's inputs, results, equations, assumptions, and references, with fields for project, responsible person, and review. The full report also includes the charts and interpretations, in color. In the print window, choose Save as PDF.

    How to use the pass calculation

    Enter the field area, the length of the working row, and the implement width. Then type the average speed, the turn time at each pass, and the diesel consumption of the operation. The calculator returns the number of passes, the total time, and the diesel used.

    Worked example

    Field plot of 50 ha, rows 800 m long, 6 m implement at 8 km/h, 30 s turning time and fuel use of 14 L/h.

    Passes = 500,000 ÷ (800 × 6) = 104.2, rounded to 105 passes. Time per pass = 800 ÷ 2.22 + 30 = 390 s. Total = 105 × 390 ÷ 3,600 = 11.4 h, with about 160 L of diesel.

    Effect of row length

    Longer rows reduce turns and increase output. The ideal length depends on the field's shape, topography, and slope, and should not go past the point where the contour line or the terrain forces a change of direction.

    Common mistakes

    • Using the plot’s total length when the work row is shorter, because of headlands.
    • Forgetting the headland turns, which are longer than the row turns.
    • Using the transport fuel use, which is much lower than the operating use.

    To add diesel to the operation cost, use the machine hourly cost, and for the machine capacity, see the operational capacity.

    Method, assumptions, and references

    Equations used

    Passes = Area (m²) ÷ (row length × working width), rounded up
    Time per pass (s) = Length ÷ (Speed ÷ 3.6) + Turning time
    Diesel (L) = Working hours × Consumption; cost = liters × price

    Assumptions and limits

    • Rectangular plot, with rows parallel to the length; in an irregular shape, the actual total comes out larger.
    • Average working speed; stops beyond the turns must be added separately.
    • Average consumption of the operation, not of travel to the area.

    Standards and technical documents

    • ASABE. EP496: Agricultural Machinery Management Data. St. Joseph: ASABE.

    Frequently asked questions

    How to calculate the number of passes?

    Divide the area in square meters by the product of the row length and working width. Always round up, because the last pass counts in full.

    Why does turning time matter so much?

    Because every pass includes a turn. On short rows, turns can take more time than the work itself; that is why long rows increase output.

    Does diesel consumption change with speed?

    Yes. In general, hourly consumption rises with load and speed. Use the value measured in similar operations, not the catalog figure at maximum load.

    Does this calculation help estimate the crop cost?

    Use it to estimate the diesel for an operation. For total cost, add depreciation, repairs, labor and the other costs from the hourly cost.